Installation
無法在 Centos 8 上安裝 Oracle XE 18c
我正在嘗試在 Centos 8 64 位上安裝 Oracle 18。
我已經能夠安裝 prerequiste 組件，它本身需要先決條件，但 Oracle 安裝本身失敗。
任何幫助將不勝感激。
我的系統如下。
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a Linux localhost.localdomain 4.18.0-80.11.2.el8_0.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Sep 24 11:32:19 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux我已經順利執行了以下內容。
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm當我嘗試安裝 Oracle 時，它失敗了。
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:01 ago on Sun 24 Nov 2019 18:06:23 AEDT. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: oracle-database-xe-18c x86_64 1.0-1 @commandline 2.4 G Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total size: 2.4 G Installed size: 5.2 G Downloading Packages: Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Installing : oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Running scriptlet: oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Exception java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE/oui/lib/linux64/liboraInstaller.so: libnsl.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory occurred.. java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE/oui/lib/linux64/liboraInstaller.so: libnsl.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1941) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1857) at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:870) at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1122) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiip.osd.unix.OiipuUnixOps.loadNativeLib(OiipuUnixOps.java:388) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiip.osd.unix.OiipuUnixOps.<clinit>(OiipuUnixOps.java:130) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiip.oiipg.OiipgEnvironment.getEnv(OiipgEnvironment.java:201) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniPair.instantiateEnvVars(OiixIniPair.java:299) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniPair.updateValue(OiixIniPair.java:230) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniPair.<init>(OiixIniPair.java:148) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniFile.readFile(OiixIniFile.java:809) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniFile.readIniFile(OiixIniFile.java:978) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniFile.getProfileString(OiixIniFile.java:385) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixOraparam.getOraparamProfileString(OiixOraparam.java:339) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixOraparam.getOraparamProfileString(OiixOraparam.java:297) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixOraparam.usePrereqChecker(OiixOraparam.java:417) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicSessionContext.setVariables(OiicSessionContext.java:1325) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicBaseInventoryApp.execute(OiicBaseInventoryApp.java:766) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicBaseInventoryApp.main_helper(OiicBaseInventoryApp.java:685) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicDetachHome.main(OiicDetachHome.java:420) 'DetachHome' failed. Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicBaseInventoryApp.main_helper(OiicBaseInventoryApp.java:701) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicDetachHome.main(OiicDetachHome.java:420) Exception java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE/oui/lib/linux64/liboraInstaller.so: libnsl.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory occurred.. java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE/oui/lib/linux64/liboraInstaller.so: libnsl.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1941) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1857) at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:870) at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1122) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiip.osd.unix.OiipuUnixOps.loadNativeLib(OiipuUnixOps.java:388) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiip.osd.unix.OiipuUnixOps.<clinit>(OiipuUnixOps.java:130) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiip.oiipg.OiipgEnvironment.getEnv(OiipgEnvironment.java:201) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniPair.instantiateEnvVars(OiixIniPair.java:299) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniPair.updateValue(OiixIniPair.java:230) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniPair.<init>(OiixIniPair.java:148) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniFile.readFile(OiixIniFile.java:809) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniFile.readIniFile(OiixIniFile.java:978) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixIniFile.getProfileString(OiixIniFile.java:385) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixOraparam.getOraparamProfileString(OiixOraparam.java:339) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixOraparam.getOraparamProfileString(OiixOraparam.java:297) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiix.OiixOraparam.usePrereqChecker(OiixOraparam.java:417) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicSessionContext.setVariables(OiicSessionContext.java:1325) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicBaseInventoryApp.execute(OiicBaseInventoryApp.java:766) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicBaseInventoryApp.main_helper(OiicBaseInventoryApp.java:685) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicAttachHome.main(OiicAttachHome.java:696) 'AttachHome' failed. Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicBaseInventoryApp.main_helper(OiicBaseInventoryApp.java:701) at oracle.sysman.oii.oiic.OiicAttachHome.main(OiicAttachHome.java:696) [SEVERE] An error occurred while registering the Oracle home. Verify logs in /var/log/oracle-database-xe-18c/results/oraInstall.log and /opt/oracle/oraInventory for more details and try again. warning: %post(oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 1 Error in POSTIN scriptlet in rpm package oracle-database-xe-18c Verifying : oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1 Installed: oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64 Complete!
答案並不明顯。如果您按照文件和各種文章安裝 Oracle XE 18c，如果您只使用 yum 進行安裝，則似乎缺少一些步驟。
首先，如果您使用 yum 執行先決條件文件的安裝，您會收到回复說缺少兩個依賴文件。
如果然後使用 rpm -ivh 執行相同的結果，則結果會有所不同。見下文。
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpmUpdating Subscription Management repositories. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) 11 kB/s | 4.5 kB 00:00 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs) 6.8 kB/s | 4.1 kB 00:00 Error: Problem: conflicting requests - nothing provides compat-libcap1 needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 - nothing provides compat-libstdc++-33 needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 (try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages) [root@localhost ~]#[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: compat-libcap1 is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33 is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 ksh is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 libaio-devel is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-devel is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 sysstat is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 xorg-x11-utils is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 [root@localhost ~]#我也意識到我在那個階段還沒有安裝 java。但是，僅安裝它也無濟於事。
我的解決方案是安裝 rpm -ivh 突出顯示的依賴項，然後安裝 java，然後安裝 libnsl，這是 java 抱怨的又一個 rpm。
我的解決方案如下。
yum install -y gcc-c++ make yum install -y ksh yum install -y sysstat yum install -y xorg-x11-utils yum install -y libnsl yum install java-11-openjdk-devel rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.110-12.el8.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm然後安裝 Oracle 文件。
rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64 rpm -ivh oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm我不知道這是否是進行 Oracle 安裝的最佳方式，但它現在在 RHEL 和 Centos 系統上都對我有用。
為了補充這個出色的答案，也因為 CentOS 已不復存在，我在 Oracles YUM repo 上找到了所需的軟體包：
https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/0/base/x86_64/index.html
希望這可以幫助任何尋求可靠回購來拉取軟體包的人。