證書、非對稱密鑰或私鑰文件無效或不存在

我正在嘗試將數據庫從另一台伺服器還原到我的本地主機伺服器。該數據庫已加密（bak 文件），所以我必須對其進行解密，這很好，我擁有所有證書文件和密碼，但是出於某種原因，我仍然收到以下錯誤：

The certificate, asymmetric key, or private key file is not valid or does not exist; or you do not have permissions for it.

這是我正在執行的程式碼：

     CREATE CERTIFICATE [Certificate1] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Location of the certs'
WITH PRIVATE KEY ( 
   FILE = 'C:\Location of the certs' ,   
   DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'password'
);

PS。我不是備份和恢復方面的專家。

以下是將加密數據庫還原到不同伺服器（localhost）的步驟。

1.創建證書：

CREATE CERTIFICATE [CertficateName] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\FolderName\NameOfCert.cer'
WITH PRIVATE KEY ( 
   FILE = 'C:\FolderName\NameOfCertKey.key' ,   
   DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'
);

USE Master ;
Open Master Key Decryption by password = 'YourPassword'
Backup master key to file = 'C:\SQL FodlerName\MasterKeyName.key'
       ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword';
   GO

3.恢復萬能鑰匙

Use master 
   restore master key
   FROM FILE = 'C:\FolderName\MasterKeyName.key'
   DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'
   ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'

4.這是你的最後一步，在這個階段要小心，因為我花了一段時間才知道每個命令都需要單獨執行：

Alter Database [DatabaseName]
SET SINGLE_USER WITH
ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE

接下來單獨執行

USE MASTER
OPEN MASTER KEY DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'YourPassword';

下一個命令單獨執行

RESTORE DATABASE [DatabaseName] FROM DISK = 'C:\Folder\FULL\NameoftheBakFilethat ourAreRestoring.BAK' 
WITH Replace , STATS = 5 

不要忘記將數據庫設置回多使用者模式。

引用自：https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/207168